Enhancing performance: Debriefing using the SHARP approach


This handbook written by the Imperial College, London, provides background and step by step approach to using the SHARP approach. This acronym stands for

  • Set learning objectives
  • How did it go
  • Address concerns
  • Review learning points
  • Plan ahead.

It is a practical tool that can be used when there is not sufficient time to conduct a detailed debrief.  The manual states the tool can be used as a reminder for what to cover in a debrief with limited time directly after an activity. It is viewed that this tool can be used by both trainer and trainee to ensue joint responsibility for the debriefing.

The SHARP tool  is a 5 step feedback and debriefing tool. Before the activity the learning objectives need to discussed and set. After the activity there is a need to discuss what went well and why; address what did not go so well; a review of the learning objectives;  were they met for the activity? What was learned about the clinical or technical skills. Lastly planning for future practice, what actions can be taken to ensure continued improvement.

Also included in this manual is a section on objective structured assessment of debriefing (OSAD). There is a useful table of definitions and exemplars of behaviour, with a scale for scoring performance within the debrief process. The scoring system provides a useful guide about what and how to conduct the debrief.

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